Since the Uvalde shooting, I’ve been reading statement after statement, as though it’s a proven fact, that school shooters and other mass murdering shooters are usually fatherless, disproportionately so. The people saying this don’t usually feel they have to prove it; isn’t it a self-evident, previously proven, truth?
Not really.
I had read such claims years ago, researched them, and written this post about the facts I discovered, which indicated no particular increased incidence of fatherlessness in this group. Please read it. I found that most if not all of those claims that cited a source had referred to this article, which turned out to be incorrect in its statement that the 27 largest mass shootings in the US had been perpetrated by 26 shooters who were fatherless.
But by now, “mass shooters are fatherless” and “mass school shooters are fatherless” are common and well-established but false memes on the right. False memes are the left’s specialty, but the right is not immune to the practice. After all, it makes sense: fatherlessness is bad (I agree) and the American family has been undermined for years (I agree), as well as men and fathers having been marginalized and maligned (I agree). I believe these trends have had dire and wide-reaching consequences.
But those trends are not responsible for everything that’s bad. Nor are all fathers automatically good. Neither can father-presence change those children who are psychopaths or otherwise so deeply troubled that it’s not clear what (if any) timely intervention would have prevented their violence. And no, these things can’t be predicted well enough to lock up all the teenagers who show any danger signs at all. Most haven’t committed prior offenses for which they can be charged and incarcerated and/or hospitalized for long enough. We’d have to lock up enormous numbers of young people for a very long time, who would not be likely to have hurt anyone, in order to prevent the few from harming people. And even then we’d probably miss some of the worst.
Why am I going over this ground again? I think it bears repeating. One reason I think it’s a dangerous thing to think that it’s all or even primarily about fatherlessness is that it is a much too simplistic explanation for something that is far more complex. When I say the phenomenon is complex, I mean it is poorly understood but seems to be some combination of genetics, bad parenting or lack thereof, contagion effect, the desire to be famous if only for carnage, the breakdown of families and communities in general, fatherlessness, drugs, limitations and flaws of the mental health treatment system, and probably an additional host of things that I haven’t mentioned in that list.
By the way, the same is true for assertions about the role of SSRIs. It is by no means a simple or clear matter; read this for a short discussion of some of the many pitfalls of doing research to try to find out. I’ve written two posts on related issues, this and this.
So, what of Ramos, the Uvalde murderer? We haven’t heard much about his father, although we’ve heard quite a bit about his grandparents (he shot his grandmother in the face before going to the school) and his mother. I wrote this post about the criminal histories of his father and his mother. But I also read this interview with his father; I think it’s fascinating. If you read it, you’ll discover this [emphasis mine]:
The Daily Beast spoke with Ramos on the porch of his girlfriend’s home east of Uvalde, where he has been living for several years. The house and the bushes outside were adorned with blue and white streamers for a graduating senior. At times, the tough-spoken Texan broke into tears….
He claimed to have no idea why his son became so violent, or why he chose to target the school.
But he said he did notice one change in his son in recent months: a pair of boxing gloves he’d purchased and started testing out at a local park. “I said, ‘Mijo, one day somebody’s going to kick your ass,’” Ramos recalled. “I started seeing different changes in him like that.”
The younger Ramos reportedly had a poor relationship with his mother and had dropped out of high school ahead of his graduation this year. His father admitted he had not spent much time with him lately because he was employed outside Uvalde—he digs holes around utility poles for inspection—and because of the pandemic.
His own mother was suffering from cancer, Ramos said, and he could not risk being exposed to the coronavirus. He added that his son grew frustrated with the COVID precautions about a month ago and refused to speak to him. Ramos has not seen him since.
“My mom tells me he probably would have shot me too, because he would always say I didn’t love him,” he told The Daily Beast…
For his own part, the father has a lengthy criminal record which includes at least one conviction for assault and causing bodily injury to a family member. He said he was currently estranged from his daughter—the gunman’s sister—who he said was also upset with him for not spending enough time with the family…
It doesn’t seem at all clear to me that more time with this guy would have helped. I tend to think the answer in this particular case is “no.”
It also seems to me that some of the shooter’s problems and isolation, as well as his internet involvement, may have been exacerbated by the COVID lockdowns, which seem to have roughly coincided with the beginning of his steepest decline. I can’t find where I read it, but I recall an article saying that he had quit going to high school about a year ago, and the interview with his father also indicates that part of the reason the son had cut off communication with his father in that last month was related to COVID restrictions imposed by the father because of the sick paternal grandmother.
More [emphasis mine]:
[The elder] Ramos said his son frequently complained about his maternal grandmother, who was in the hospital recovering from her injuries this week. He said he offered to let his son move in with his own parents, but that the teenager declined, citing the lack of WiFi. (The teenager’s final dispute with his maternal grandmother before he shot her was reportedly about his phone bill.)
To me, this history reveals a father who was in touch until recently but not living in the home for years, but whose influence probably was mostly pernicious when he had been living in the home and in his further contacts. Disruptions and dysfunction are all over the place in this family, and I think I’m on safe ground saying we just don’t know enough to sort out all the ways in which it was a mess.
I wish we did. But we don’t, and I don’t think simplistic but incorrect assumptions are the answer. I happen to think that the shooter actually may have been a psychopath, which I’m basing on reports from acquaintances that he “loved hurting animals.” That is a strong diagnostic sign for serious emotional disturbance and may be connected with violent psychopathy, and if so it’s a grim prognosis.
This is the sort of highly disturbing behavior I’m talking about:
Others [acquaintances] alleged that Ramos boasted about torturing animals and aired his acts of animal abuse on the French live streaming platform Yubo.
A Yubo user told ABC News that Ramos would “put cats in plastic bags, suspend them inside, throw them at the ground and throw them at people’s houses”. They claimed that Ramos would display these videos while laughing and boasting about how he and his friends “did it all the time”.
Nothing I have written in this post should be understood to mean that I don’t think fatherlessness and divorce are big problems and cause all sorts of turmoil. But they aren’t necessarily what’s wrong with these shooters, and they certainly aren’t all that’s wrong, although I have little doubt they sometimes contribute. But as my previous research showed, a lot of these shooters are in intact families with involved fathers – including the Columbine shooters, something a great many people don’t seem to know.
I’m going to close with a poem by A. E. Houseman which was written some time between 1895 and 1922. The first time I read it, when I was about thirteen years old, I got a cold chill. I still get a cold chill when I read it, although I’m no longer thirteen. I think poets sometimes express truths – and mysteries – that cannot be accessed in other ways:
THE CULPRIT
The night my father got me
His mind was not on me;
He did not plague his fancy
To muse if I should be
The son you see.
The day my mother bore me
She was a fool and glad,
For all the pain I cost her,
That she had borne the lad
That borne she had.
My mother and my father
Out of the light they lie;
The warrant would not find them,
And here ’tis only I
Shall hang so high.
Oh let not man remember
The soul that God forgot,
But fetch the county kerchief
And noose me in the knot,
And I will rot.
For so the game is ended
That should not have begun.
My father and my mother
They had a likely son,
And I have none.