I was rather surprised to see how many people reacted to the video of the Berkeley professor, Khiara Bridges, in her exchange with Senator Josh Hawley, by saying they thought she wasn’t very bright.
On the contrary, in my opinion she’s smart, and she knows exactly what she’s saying.
What’s more, in the exchange between Bridges and Hawley that can be found at that link, my perception is that both understand what the other is saying quite well and both are smart. It’s just that they are playing a semantic and political game about the meaning of the word “woman.”
And when I call it a game, please don’t think I mean it is something trivial or light. It is a deadly serious game with large consequences for liberty. It goes to the heart of the argument between today’s left – represented by Bridges – and today’s right, represented by Hawley. That argument comes from what the great Thomas Sowell has called the conflict of visions.
Sowell wrote his book on the subject in 1987 (revised in 2007), and it set up the dichotomy this way:
The root of these conflicts, Sowell claims, are the “visions”, or the intuitive feelings that people have about human nature; different visions imply radically different consequences for how they think about everything from war to justice.
The rest of the book describes two basic visions, the “unconstrained” and “constrained” visions, which are thought to capture opposite ends of a continuum of political thought on which one can place many contemporary Westerners, in addition to their intellectual ancestors of the past few centuries…
Sowell often refers to [those with the unconstrained vision, such as Bridges in this case] as “the self anointed.” Ultimately they believe that man is morally perfectible. Because of this, they believe that there exist some people [themselves, of course] who are further along the path of moral development, have overcome self-interest and are immune to the influence of power and therefore can act as surrogate decision-makers for the rest of society.
I will add that a favorite tool of the self-anointed is to insist on changes of language in order to change both perceptions and policies, as well as the favoring of subjective feelings over objective truth (the latter of which they have a tendency to deny, except when it happens to favor their cause).
More:
Those with a constrained vision favor solid empirical evidence and time-tested structures and processes over intervention and personal experience. Ultimately, the constrained vision demands checks and balances and refuses to accept that all people could put aside their innate self-interest.
That would be Hawley’s position.
And the argument between Bridges and Hawley about the word “woman” is an argument about whose vision will prevail. It puts me in mind of the following dialogue between Humpty Dumpty and Alice, from Lewis Carroll’s Through the Looking-Glass:
“[T]hat shows that there are three hundred and sixty-four days when you might get un-birthday presents.”
“Certainly,” said Alice.
“And only ONE for birthday presents, you know. There’s glory for you!”
“I don’t know what you mean by ‘glory,’” Alice said.
Humpty Dumpty smiled contemptuously. “Of course you don’t – till I tell you. I meant ‘there’s a nice knock-down argument for you!’”
“But ‘glory’ doesn’t mean ‘a nice knock-down argument,’” Alice objected.
“When I use a word,” Humpty Dumpty said in rather a scornful tone, “it means just what I choose it to mean – neither more nor less.”
“The question is,” said Alice, “whether you CAN make words mean so many different things.”
“The question is,” said Humpty Dumpty, “which is to be master – that’s all.”
That is indeed the question that underlies the sparring between Bridges and Hawley, with Bridges playing the role of Humpty Dumpty and Hawley as Alice. Note also the fact that, in the passage from the book, Humpty Dumpty smiles contemptuously and later addresses Alice “in rather a scornful tone.” This was true of Bridges, as well, because the self-anointed often feel contemptuous and scornful towards those who won’t get with the program.
It’s clear, also, that Bridges seems to thinks she’s gotten the better of Hawley in that exchange, and Hawley may indeed believe that he’s the winner. I have little doubt that the viewers on each side thinks that the person with whom they agree has scored the most points (see this, for example).
But I also think the most effective way of arguing involves understanding what’s behind the arguments of the other side. In that spirit, I offer this guide to what Bridges was saying, and the philosophy behind it. I’ll summarize the logic this way:
(1) In using the terms “man” and “woman” we are beyond the simplistic, objective, biologically-determined thinking of old. In our brave new world, what matters is a person’s self-perception about being a man or a woman. This world is not binary – some people are “non-binary” – but most people will be identifying (the operative term) as man or woman. Whether a person is in fact a man or woman is completely determined by that individual’s self-perception. What’s more, the rest of the world must recognize that self-perception as the only reality and behave appropriately, and that includes not only using the correct pronouns but also a newly-appropriate use of the terms “man” and “woman” to describe such people in the manner defined by that reality. Furthermore, it is a reality that, although often recently arrived at, is considered to extend backwards in time, so that even though the person was previously considered a man or a woman (or a boy or a girl), in fact that person was always the other sex and was merely “assigned” a sex at birth that turned out to have been incorrect. Therefore birth certificates can be changed ex post facto in order to conform to the new sex the person always had, appearances at birth to the contrary. And that is also why those people who ultimately choose to have sex-change surgery are now considered to be having sex affirmation surgery, a procedure that makes their outsides conform better to what is now considered to have always been their identity.
Therefore:
(2) a biological male transitioning to becoming a trans woman should always be called a woman because that’s what he (now “she”) believes he (now “she”) is, and what he (now “she”) wishes to be called. So “he” is now “she” and is defined as a woman, although he-now-she cannot get pregnant – therefore this is a woman who cannot get pregnant. In addition, this he-now-she was always a “she,” and to suggest otherwise is to harm that person, because words are violence.
(3) a biological female transitioning to becoming a trans man should always be called a man because that’s what she (now “he”) believes she (now “he”) is, and what she (now “he”) wishes to be called. However, if she (now “he”) still has an intact vagina, ovaries, and uterus – which many such people have because they’ve not gotten so-called “bottom” surgery – then she-now-he can become pregnant. In addition, this she-now-he was always a “he,” and to suggest otherwise is to harm that person, because words are violence. Ergo, he can become pregnant. Therefore, since this person is a man, it is correct (and even obligatory) to say that a man can become pregnant. To suggest otherwise is, in Bridges words, to deny the existence of such a person – and that is violence.
Similar arguments go for so-called “binary” people, but I won’t go into the tedious details except to add that they tend to prefer other pronouns (such as “they”) and tend not to want to be called either “man” or “woman.”
These arguments seem absurd because they deny biological reality. But they are not illogical; they have an internal logic and progression. Such positions once were confined to leftists in academia, but now they have gone out into the general society and the left is trying to impose them through shaming. When Bridges accuses Hawley of “violence” – even implying that he can cause suicides among fragile people through his questioning – she is using a tried-and-true tactic of shaming those who won’t get with the program and use the approved leftist language.
It seems surreal, but so is Lewis Carroll’s book that takes us Through the Looking Glass into another world. The book is written in the spirit of play, but the game between Bridges the professor and Hawley the policy-maker is not fun, and the stakes are high.