This is stunning news:
After 23 years of iron-fisted rule, the president of Tunisia was driven from power Friday by violent protests over soaring unemployment and corruption. Virtually unprecedented in modern Arab history, the populist uprising sent an ominous message to authoritarian governments that dominate the region…
Ben Ali’s downfall sent a potentially frightening message to autocratic leaders across the Arab world, especially because he did not seem especially vulnerable until very recently.
He managed the economy of his small country of 10 million better than many other Middle Eastern nations grappling with calcified economies and booming young populations. He turned Tunisia into a beach haven for tourists, helping create an area of stability in volatile North Africa. There was a lack of civil rights and little or no freedom of speech, but a better quality of life for many than in neighboring countries such as Algeria and Libya.
Nobody seems to know what will happen next in Tunisia. The sense is of chaos, which can provide an opportunity for even more sinister and repressive forces to enter the scene. Let’s hope not—but think Iran when the Shah fell.
As in many recent populist movements in the Arab world, modern communications media seem to have played a large role [emphasis mine]:
The ouster followed the country’s largest protests in generations and weeks of escalating unrest, sparked by one man’s suicide and fueled by social media, cell phones and young people who have seen relatively little benefit from Tunisia’s recent economic growth. Thousands of demonstrators from all walks of life rejected Ben Ali’s promises of change and mobbed Tunis, the capital, to demand that he leave.
Tunisia is an Arab country, as well as a Muslim one–although, curiously, it is the only Arab country that bans polygamy.
And what a history! I didn’t know it until today, but Tunisia was the site of Carthage. Later it (or sections of it) was conquered by the Romans, the Vandals, the Byzantines, some Normans, the Almohad caliphs, the Berber Hafsids, pirates (remember the Barbary Coast?—it was in Tunisia), Spain, the Ottomons (are you still with me?), and the French. Tunisia became independent in 1956, and Ben Ali’s been in charge since 1987.
Until now.
