Almost two months after the Russian Nord Stream pipelines blew up in the Baltic Sea, the Swedish prosecutors have found traces of explosives at the underwater site and declared that the incident was an act of “gross sabotage.”
The explosions that ripped apart the pipelines at four places had a force of almost “500 kilograms of TNT” and measured 2.3 on the seismic Richter scale — comparable to “a powerful bomb from the second world war,” the German and British media outlets reported.
But is this really news? I suppose the traces of explosives and the official confirmation are news, but I don’t think there have been many people who didn’t conclude quite early on that this was most likely sabotage. Among other things, seismographic data indicated it almost from the start. The real question is whodunnit, and as in the best detective novels, there is no shortage of candidates.
I’d like to add a few things that people don’t usually emphasize. The first is that neither pipeline was active at the time. Number two wasn’t yet operating to begin with, and Russia had purposely stopped the flow of number one for “repairs” close to four weeks earlier (the article just linked was written weeks before the explosions):
Russia’s state-owned energy giant, Gazprom, halted all exports via Nord Stream 1 from Aug. 31, citing maintenance work on its only remaining compressor.
However, while flows were due to resume after three days, Gazprom on Friday cited an oil leak for the indefinite shutdown of the pipeline. The shock announcement came hot on the heels of a joint statement from the G-7 economic powers backing a proposal to put a price-capping mechanism on Russian oil.
In what energy analysts see as an escalation of Russia’s bid to inflict economic pain on the region, the Kremlin has since said that the resumption of gas supplies to Europe is completely dependent on Europe lifting its economic sanctions against Moscow.
The sanctions were not lifted. Also, Gazprom informed Germany’s Siemen’s Energy that until Siemen’s repaired some allegedly faulty equipment, the flow would not be resumed and the shutdown would continue. Siemen’s said this:
…[T]he company told Reuters that it’s not currently commissioned by Gazprom to do maintenance work on the turbine with the suspected oil leak, but said it remains on standby to do so.
Siemens Energy added that it “cannot comprehend this new representation based on the information provided to us over the weekend.”
Even more interestingly, months earlier Russia had already reduced the flow in the only-operating Nord Stream pipeline (number one) to 20% of the originally agreed-upon volume. Then came the report by Russia of a maintenance problem, and then a shutdown that was supposed to last three days, and then an indefinite shutdown supposedly due to a leak. The shutdown was about a month before the sabotage. Even the shutdown was causing great worry in Europe and particularly Germany about fuel shortages:
“Russia’s move to again cut gas supply to the EU just as the region scrambles to fill its inventories ahead of winter is a further escalation of its policy of the past months to inflict economic pain through repeated supply cuts to Germany, the EU’s biggest economy and gas consumer,” analysts at political risk consultancy Eurasia Group said in a research note.
“Sources in Berlin say they are now making all winter energy plans on the assumption of zero supply from Russia,” they added. “That means there will now also be a focus on central and southern Europe, which still receives Russian gas including through pipeline transit of Ukraine and Turkey.”
Again, please note that was written three weeks before the explosions.
It is my impression that many of those blaming the US for the sabotage – and there are plenty of them – seem to be ignoring this build-up. Let me say right here that I do not know who set the explosives. But to me, Russia is the most likely culprit for the simple reason that Russia had already been cutting off the flow through that pipeline for months, and then shutting it off for a month, in order to get the concessions it wanted from Europe. Russia was obviously more than willing to sacrifice whatever revenue it got from the Nord Stream, bargaining that hurting Europe was well worth it. And it had already become clear that Europe wouldn’t cooperate and give Russia what it wanted – with Germany also making it clear that it was trying to free itself from dependence on Russian fossil fuels entirely as soon as possible. So Russia may indeed have calculated that it would be losing nothing by making the already-shut-down Nord Stream pipelines inoperative, and that Europe would be losing much more.
To go back in time a bit further to demonstrate what I mean, in April of 2022 Germany made this announcement:
Germany could end Russian oil imports this year, Chancellor Olaf Scholz said on Friday, signalling the urgency driving Europe’s biggest economy to wean itself off energy from Russia following its invasion of Ukraine…
“We are actively working to get independent from the import of (Russian) oil and we think that we will be able to make it during this year,” Scholz said during a news conference in London with British Prime Minister Boris Johnson…
The DIW economic institute said in a study published on Friday that Germany might be able to secure enough gas supplies for the coming winter without any imports from Russia through a combination of alternative suppliers and drastic energy-saving measures.
That deadline might have been somewhat premature, but at any rate the intent of Germany was clear way back in April and Nord Stream was due to become obsolete in fairly short order. Then Russia shut it down, and then it was purposely damaged.
I am virtually certain that many people here will disagree with me about the likelihood that Russia was the culprit and not the US. I have no illusions about those running Biden’s administration; I believe they are capable of deeply nefarious activities. But I don’t see strong signs that point to them being the perpetrators in this particular case and I see much stronger signs that point to Russia. That said, nothing would surprise me.
NOTE: This article on the history of Germany’s dependence on Russia is of interest (yes, I know, the Guardian is leftist, but it still seems pretty comprehensive to me). Many ironies abound, including the surprising (to me, at least) fact that the whole thing began in 1970, when Russia was still the USSR. Some details:
On Sunday 1 February 1970, senior politicians and gas executives from Germany and the Soviet Union gathered at the upmarket Hotel Kaiserhof in Essen…to celebrate the signing of a contract for the first major Russia-Germany gas pipeline, which was to run from Siberia to the West German border at Marktredwitz in Bavaria…
Germany would supply the machines and high-quality industrial goods; Russia would provide the raw material to fuel German industry…[This was part of the] new “eastern policy” of rapprochement towards the Soviet Union and its allies including East Germany, launched the previous year under chancellor Willy Brandt…
Before the signing, Nato had discreetly written to the German economics ministry to inquire about the security implications. Norbert Plesser, head of the gas department at the ministry, had assured Nato that there was no cause for alarm: Germany would never rely on Russia for even 10% of its gas supplies.
Half a century later, in 2020, Russia would supply more than half of Germany’s natural gas and about a third of all the oil that Germans burned to heat homes, power factories and fuel vehicles. Roughly half of Germany’s coal imports, which are essential to its steel manufacturing, came from Russia.
The article goes on to list many many people over the years who warned Germany, including a lot about Reagan:
Over 50 years, Germany fought numerous battles with a series of US presidents over its growing dependence on Russian energy. In the process, Germany’s foreign office developed a view of American anti-communism as naive, and a belief that only Germany truly understood the Soviet Union.
“I was wrong,” the former German finance minister, Wolfgang Schäuble, says, simply. “We were all wrong.”
What name is prominently missing from the entire 4,200+ word article? You can probably guess: Donald Trump. A reminder from 2018; Nord Stream 2 was planned but not yet built at the time:
I haven’t read any apologies to Trump coming from Germany or Western Europe. Perhaps I missed them, but a search didn’t locate them. If you find some, let me know.]


