Yesterday there were three terrorist attacks, the worst of which in terms of loss of life (38 people) occurred on a beach in Sousse, Tunisia that is popular with European tourists. You can read many chilling accounts in the British papers (including the one I linked), because the majority of the victims were British people relaxing on holiday.
The goal: to frighten the West and to harm the Tunisian tourist industry. Mission accomplished. The site was almost certainly chosen for its peaceful-seeming nature (the message being “you are not not safe anywhere”), and also for the extreme unlikelihood that anyone there would be armed, except the gunman, who had arrived in a small inflatable boat and acted like a fellow-tourist until he opened fire with an automatic weapon he’d hidden in or behind a beach umbrella.
The cinematic nature of the scene is evident, but would that it were only a film:
Eyewitnesses say the gunman was was seen laughing and joking among the midday bathers and sunseekers, looking like any other tourist.
But it was claimed he was carefully selecting the victims he would murder with a Kalashnikov hidden in his parasol…
In another chilling account, Ibrahim el-Ghoul revealed how the killer had been smiling.
The trainee mechanic, who works part-time at hotel nearby, said the gunman told him ‘I don’t want to kill you; I want to hit tourists,’ according to The Independent…
A hotel worker said a shoeless Rezgui, who arrived on the beach by inflatable boat, had tried to blend in with the crowd. He added: ‘He opened fire with a Kalashnikov. He was a young guy dressed in shorts ”“ like he was a tourist himself.’
Rafik Chelli, Tunisia’s secretary of state for national security, said the gunman ”“ named locally as Rezgui ”“ entered the Marhaba complex through the pool area.
‘He entered by the beach, dressed like someone who was going to swim, and he had a beach umbrella with his gun in it. Then when he came to the beach he used his weapon,’ Mr Chelli said. Rezgui was shot dead by the security forces.
Because of the Ramadan religious period, there were few Tunisians on the beach and few children because most schools have yet to break up.
Houcine Jenayah, a businessman, said the gunman arrived at speed on an inflatable Zodiac boat.
‘He opened fire and had grenades with him,’ said Mr Jenayah. ‘He hid his Kalashnikov behind a parasol that he had in his hand.’
I’m old enough to remember a few things, and this incident reminds me very very much of the 1997 Luxor massacre in Egypt. In certain ways those were “better” days, because there were fewer terrorists (or seemed to have been, anyway), the internet wasn’t really yet a factor in helping them organize, and some of the strongmen leaders (such as in Egypt) seemed better able to crack down on them.
But the Luxor attack was even more barbaric and horrifying than yesterday’s on the Tunisian beach, if possible, and it took more victims as well. The intent was to depress tourism and the victims were almost all Europeans, as in Tunisia. Unlike in Tunisia, there were two armed guards there, but the guards were outnumbered and they were shot first:
In the mid-morning attack, six gunmen massacred 58 foreign nationals and four Egyptians. The six assailants were armed with automatic firearms and knives, and disguised as members of the security forces. They descended on the Temple of Hatshepsut at around 08:45. They killed two armed guards at the site. With the tourists trapped inside the temple, the killing went on systematically for 45 minutes, during which many bodies, especially of women, were mutilated with machetes. They used both guns and butcher knives. A note praising Islam was found inside a disemboweled body. The dead included a five-year-old British child and four Japanese couples on honeymoon.
The attackers then hijacked a bus, but ran into a checkpoint of armed Egyptian tourist police and military forces. One of the terrorists was wounded in the shootout and the rest fled into the hills where their bodies were found in a cave, apparently having committed suicide together.
Four Egyptians were killed, including three police officers and a tour guide. Of the 58 foreign tourists killed, 36 were Swiss, ten were Japanese, six were from the United Kingdom, four from Germany, and two were from Colombia.
Back then ISIS didn’t exist—but there’s a strong resemblance, isn’t there? And if you’re old enough to remember this one but don’t, do you wonder why? Did it receive less coverage? Was our sensibility not attuned to it because it was over there, and we thought it wouldn’t happen here?
Tourism in Egypt was depressed for many years after that, but it also put the terrorists’ support within Egypt into decline. Realizing that the horrific massacre had not been a good PR move, the group tried to backtrack and, of course, blamed the Jews (among others):
Organizers and supporters of the attack quickly realised that the strike had been a massive miscalculation and reacted with denials of involvement. The day after the attack, al-Gama’a al-Islamiyya leader Refa’i Ahmed Taha claimed the attackers intended only to take the tourists hostage, despite the immediate and systematic nature of the slaughter. Others denied Islamist involvement completely. Sheikh Omar Abdel-Rahman blamed Israelis for the killings, and Ayman Zawahiri maintained the attack was the work of the Egyptian police.
This contemperaneous article in the NY Times mentions that the terrorists said their original goal was to take hostages in order to negotiate for the release of Abdel-Rahman, imprisoned in New York for the 1993 WTC bombing. And this article mentioned beheadings. So the connection is quite clear; not much has changed except the scope of the problem, and perhaps (perhaps) the extent of our awareness of it.
