About those NeverTrump Republicans
We’ve already talked an awful lot here about the phenomenon of the NeverTrumpers on the right. Even so, this piece on the subject is well worth reading:
Before President Trump’s explosive entrance onto the political scene, mainstream conservatism was somewhat tolerated by gatekeepers in the media, academia, and the arts. My heroes were nuisances to America’s increasingly liberal institutions, sure, but no real threat to the progressively progressive status quo. Establishment conservatives were tokens, allowing liberal elites to pretend they were objective when they were fully intent on transforming American society.
But Donald J. Trump was a different animal altogether, one who refused to kowtow to the cultural norms of American political theater. His frank and straightforward style was intolerable to liberal puppet masters who had spent decades corralling Republicans and forcing them to play nice.
Establishment Republicans have built entire careers out of playing nice. And it shows.
The threat of banishment from cocktail parties and university lectures—over Donald Trump of all people—has been enough to force much of the right’s pundit class to toss aside their ideals to preserve mainstream acceptance.
Three years later, it’s this cadre of tamed conservatives who are lending their efforts to the left’s never-ending coup against the President.
In some ways, author Greg Jones’ trajectory is like mine in that he wasn’t particularly political prior to 9/11 and yet found himself surprisingly attracted to conservative thought after that event. In addition, during the 2016 campaign, Jones was initially quite anti-Trump, but during Trump’s presidency he has come to appreciate what Trump’s been doing.
But Jones and I are also quite different. Jones is much younger than I am, for starters. He also describes some of the supposed conservatives who later became NeverTrumpers as having once been his “heroes.”
I would never, never ever, have described them that way.
If I have any “hero” at all in the camp of conservative thinkers, then or now – and I’m not sure that I do – it would be limited to Thomas Sowell, a uniquely clear and fearless thinker whose writings were especially resonant to me when I was undergoing my political change.
I think the word “hero” should be used very sparingly, and time has proven me correct as so many feet of clay are revealed.
I never thought of anyone at “National Review” as a hero, though WFB came close in retrospect, but I did think of them as friends or colleagues.
I’m rather disappointed.
Like clockwork… but unperceived
happy (?) Guy Fawkes day
The Fifth of November
Remember, remember!
The fifth of November,
The Gunpowder treason and plot;
I know of no reason
Why the Gunpowder treason
Should ever be forgot!
Guy Fawkes and his companions
Did the scheme contrive,
To blow the King and Parliament
All up alive.
Threescore barrels, laid below,
To prove old England’s overthrow.
But, by God’s providence, him they catch,
With a dark lantern, lighting a match!
A stick and a stake
For King James’s sake!
If you won’t give me one,
I’ll take two,
The better for me,
And the worse for you.
A rope, a rope, to hang the Pope,
A penn’orth of cheese to choke him,
A pint of beer to wash it down,
And a jolly good fire to burn him.
Holloa, boys! holloa, boys! make the bells ring!
Holloa, boys! holloa boys! God save the King!
Hip, hip, hooor-r-r-ray!
This one sentence says it all–
“The threat of banishment from cocktail parties and university lectures—over Donald Trump of all people—has been enough to force much of the right’s pundit class to toss aside their ideals to preserve mainstream acceptance.”
The NeverTrumpers are, without exception, scoundrels, mostly opportunists and very few, if indeed any, possessed of intellectual substance or acumen. Not many conservatives lament the passing of The Weekly Standard, nor can one easily imagine any who now prefer National Review to American Greatness. Sowell, of course, is brilliant and worthy of much praise, but attention should also be drawn to Roger Scruton, without question the most distinguished living philosopher.
He is asking the only crucial question. The only question that really can be asked:
“How can anyone align oneself with that which the Democratic Party has allowed itself to become?”
To which the only answer is the contemptibly easy: “It’s a no-brainer: Anyone but Trump”….and so, on and on and on we go, through the Looking Glass, down the rabbit hole, with the “good guys”, the “moral elites”, the “holier than thou”, seething, vowing, declaiming in march step that to save the country, it must first be destroyed….
What could possibly make them wake up from the nightmare they have hypnotized into existence?
Agree completely about the use of the word “Hero”. It is a word that is misused and used far too casually.
In particular, I detest it being used to describe victims of a crime or natural disaster. But, even beyond that, the word gets used for people just doing a job they were trained for and without being exposed to any particular or unusual risks. That isn’t heroic. It is the minimum we expect of them.
It is the same phenomenon as the school kids getting an award just for participating.
Yes on Thomas Sowell!
I didn’t think of Bill Kristol, et al., as “heroes” at any time, but I did used to think the Professional Conservatives were worth reading and their opinions worth considering. They simply can’t get over how (gasp!) crude Trump is, and I don’t read them any more. Don Trump, Jr., said something during the campaign that stuck in my mind as true. He said his dad was kind of a blue collar billionaire.
Do we want someone who isn’t as loud-mouthed and combative, but who is either a radical leftist or willing to roll over for those who are? No, thanks, not for me.
My political transformation took place during the early 70’s during the Cold War and the winding down of the Viet Nam War, as a result, of among others the writings of the classical liberal F A Hayek and the cultural conservative Richard Weaver. Though hardly philosophical compatriots, they both spoke to my values as regards the essence of liberty and that which was essential to its preservation, the cultural values of western civilization that had stood the test of time.
My dad and 2 uncles survived WW2, and 2 uncles did not come home. In my eyes they were all heroes. Pundits and most politicians are not heroes.
Sowell and VDH are stellar thinks, never trumpers are self serving cowards. Rand Paul was at Trump’s Lexington, Ky rally yesterday and called for all republicans to publicly stand up and support POTUS.
The NeverTrumpers are just a symptom of a problem affecting both the Left and the Right, which is that their leadership classes have more in common with each other and other global elites than they do with the public they’re supposed to be leading. The NeverTrumpers just highlight it by being such raging a-holes to Trump supporters when Trump supporters make up the overwhelming majority of Republicans and conservatives.
I mean, George Will has literally proclaimed that Republican voters and politicians must be PUNISHED for disagreeing with Will when it comes to Trump. Add in the endless insults, snark, and NeverTrumpers blindly joining in on every anti-Trump liberal obsession that comes along and it raises a question: How do NeverTrumpers think this behavior is going to return them to positions of influence and leadership within GOP or the Conservative Movement?
Answer: They don’t care about their status within the Right. They care about their status within the mainstream political establishment.
Mike
Second (third?) that on Sowell, who looks at results as opposed to intentions to measure success, and whose commentary always unearths the “unseen” to balance against the “seen.” …as well as on VDH, who evaluates events with a long-term view & historical context.
I also have grown to like very much the writings of Conrad Black. I find his commentary prose measured and reflective, and his conclusions founded on facts and reason.
The residue of NeverTrumpers consists of people on a spectrum: (a) those trying to earn a living and (b) those given to striking ineffectual and inane poses in lieu of (1) admitting that they misjudged the situation in 2015-16 and / or (2) admitting that they are and always have been divorced from practical life. Most of them have nothing to contribute of a salutary nature to the discussion of civic life at this time. NB, like the Obamacons, NeverTrump hardly exists street level or among working politicians. Its a tendency among academics and opinion journalists.
Do NeverTrumpers still call themselves that? I was pretty Trump-skeptical before the election, still am somewhat, though I would never have called myself a NeverTrumper. But once he won the election it seemed beside the point, to say the least. Like walking around in the rain without an umbrella because you refuse to accept that it’s raining.
Seemed to me that “hope for the best” was the rational response for anyone on the right end of the political spectrum. And Trump has done better than I expected. I’ve been saying for many years that for conservatives the Republican-Democrat choice is between an unreliable ally and an enemy.
I began to turn conservative in the late ’70s, after a leftist youth, because it seemed apparent to me that the leftist view of the world did not correspond very well to reality. Never would I have named any political writer/thinker as a “hero”, though.
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/george-will-republicans-lose-2020_n_5da0203ae4b02c9da0480e84
George Will howling at the moon.
The left are perfectly happy to let people on the right posture to their heart’s content, as long as they are complete ineffectual. That’s the GOPe in a nutshell.
_____
The only hero that I had was Milton Friedman. He was clearly a libertarian of some stripe, though I never thought of him as a doctrinaire libertarian. “Free to Choose” is a classic and very accessible, and “Money Mischief …” is very fascinating if a bit less accessible.
I shouldn’t neglect to site Rose Friedman, Milton’s wife who was a co-author of “Free to Choose.” How sexist of me.
My own journey is quite the opposite.
I always thought that George Will, Bill Kristol & company were kind of idiots after seeing their take on the Iraq war when I was starting college. The fact that many of my liberal friends are now linking to them and agreeing with their views is strong evidence to me that they are not capable of thinking clearly on Trump.
Not that I would require it of anyone else, but George Orwell remains a hero for me. His unflinching devotion to the truth, whether it fit his political hope, e.g. Socialism, or not is an inspiration for the ages.
To see what is in front of one’s nose needs a constant struggle.
–George Orwell
“1984” and “Animal Farm” are obvious, absolute necessities for understanding the 20th Century and beyond.
But in addition to those books there are “The Road to Wigan Pier,” in which Orwell observed directly the true horrors lived by English coal miners in the 30s and the disconnect between the real working-class and those who considered themselves Socialists, and “Homage to Catalonia,” in which Orwell fought for the Socialist cause in the Spanish Civil War yet criticized the Communists. Both books got him in trouble with the orthodox left.
Then there are Orwell’s many and equally hard-hitting essays plus his homey little piece “A Nice Cup of Tea,” which are not words, as a tea drinker, I live by but still love.
Orwell is indispensable.
Regarding the multiple Mormon murders by drug cartel members in Mexico reported today, where, inter alia, a fleeing child was shot down like a chicken, Never-Trumper Senator Sasse, the former president of an obscure Nebraska college, sounded just like Trump!
I read this post (vial PowerLine) and suddenly understood, I think, where George Will and others got derailed from the Republicans (and erstwhile Democrats) who elected Trump.
George thinks politics should be like baseball, and it hasn’t been for decades — if it ever was.
It ain’t beanbag either.
https://www.nationalreview.com/2019/10/baseball-most-valuable-rules-unwritten-alex-bregman-juan-soto/
And yet, Will recognizes that Progressives are an existential danger to the Republic — but he can’t quite turn that into a desire to actually, you know, support someone that fights against their most venomous policies because Trump’s not a gentleman by the standards of baseball.
https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/oct/8/george-will-and-american-power/
George & other Never Trumpers don’t seem to notice that the Democrats jettisoned the standards of baseball a long time before Trump came on the scene; they just covered it better.
Elsewhere in Greg Jones’s post – this resonated with me.
https://humanevents.com/2019/11/04/the-downfall-of-conservatism-inc/
Here is where Jones (in Neo’s excerpt) explains the NeverTrumpers as, essentially, narcissistic collaborationists whining at losing their punditry perks. He may be right, but I think he is more correct in his first impression: that they are still nursing hurt pride:.
They told Conservatives not to elect Trump — to pick one of the other GOP candidates — and Conservatives declined to do so! Trump has to be what the Democrats say he is to vindicate the pundit’s prophetic pronouncements.
So, what happens if the Democrats and NeverTrumpers succeed in fomenting their revolution against the American norm of peaceful transfers of power after elections?
https://www.catholicworldreport.com/2015/07/08/revisiting-aleksandr-solzhenitsyns-warnings-to-the-west/
“…they just covered it better.”
In fact, perfuming that pig to the hilt!
To recap: OK so our moral betters in the Democratic Party may have been systematically shredding the Constitution and fundamentally transforming (AKA, destroying) the country….
…but they are SO suave, SO brilliant, SO well-spoken, SO classy, SO conscientious, SO humane, SO uncorruptible…. And they dress SO well…. (reiterated ad infinitum by a gushing, hagiographic MSM in no uncertain terms, following a well-orchestrated, finely-tuned script of what can only be described as the latest “blockbuster” version of “La Grande Seduction”….)
As opposed to the current occupant of the WH, a loud-mouthed, uncouth, racist, deranged buffoon (reiterated ad infinitum by a hateful, hypocritical, hysterical MSM—so that it has become FACT), who is as incapable of running the country as he is of telling the truth….
…but who, as it just so happens, is trying his best to thwart the plans of the above MSM-backed wrecking crew (suave and well-dressed as it is) and save the country from the latter’s transformational machinations (AKA road to paradise)….
…for which trouble he, and those who support him in this noble effort, must be utterly destroyed…
…along with the country they are trying to save.
Not sure why this is such a difficult choice….
So, what happens if the Democrats and NeverTrumpers succeed i
Again, NeverTrumpers are not numerous and have no objects other than maintaining themselves.
Ross Douthat works for The New York Times. David Brooks works for the Times and PBS. Jennifer Rubin and George Will work for The Washington Post. The Bulwark crew are maintained by grants from a liberal billionaire named Pierre Omidyar. David Frum works for The Atlantic. Joe Scarborough works for MSDNC. Amanda Carpenter, Nicolle Wallace, and S.E. Cupp work for CNN. They’re astroturf.
Aside from these, you have the legacy beneficiaries. John Podhoretz is maintained by the donations of a coteries Jewish septuageniarians invested in Commentary as an institution. Mona Charen is on the patronage of the Ethics and Public Policy Center; she’s a publicist without any important skills and generally confines her writing to topics other than the President. David French receives a per diem from National Review, another grant money vent pipe. Kevin Williamson has at times been absurdly well-compensated by that same vent pipe (they’re IRS 990s indicate they were paying him over $200,000 a year at one point; Richard Lowry and John Podhoretz have in the past been similar beneficiaries of fiduciary failure by their organizations’ boards). Max Boot has a sinecure at the Council on Foreign Relations (which is indubitably dominated by the Peter Sutherlands of this world).
Some of the foregoing (Frum, Will) don’t need the money, others have seen their income decline a great deal in the last four years (Erick Erickson), others are avocational and make their real living doing something else (Patrick Frey), and a few actually work for self-supporting starboard media (Ed Morrissey, Allaputz). However, the quantum of NeverTrump discourse is an order of magnitude larger than it would be because these people are being financed by liberals.
I try to ask all those who complain about Trump:
What is more important, words or results?
Trump has great results.
I support good results.
Now I’ll be adding – you think Trump’s words are icky, isn’t that really why you hate him?
Art Deco – impressive list, but you left out one (I have never heard of him, but I don’t read the Atlantic much anymore).
https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2019/10/trumps-tweet-makes-me-proud-be-human-scum/600685/
The rest of his post indicates that, despite waving his credentials, maybe he needs to get them renewed, because he obviously didn’t notice that the Democrats have not been operating by those beliefs for decades — and especially since 2008.
I now regard the use of the phrase “NeverTrumper” on a conservative site as a red flag that the writer prefers name-calling and oversimplification to any actual discussion. Plenty of people who didn’t like Trump nevertheless preferred him greatly to Hillary Clinton, and they won him the election. The few votes that shift do matter, but they are always a small percentage in every election these days. I am planning on voting for Trump in 2020. I mostly like what he has done. But I do not think he is always right, nor that anyone who disagrees with him is no longer allowed to be considered conservative.
This sort of demonization and 100%-0% thinking is reminiscent of liberals. If your brain immediately rejected that possibility as impossible, that is evidence for my point. 100-0 is the mark of the fanatic.
Most of the justifications for not merely supporting Trump, but despising the others boil down to “the end justifies the means,” coupled with a certainty that no one but Trump could have made anything good happen over the last three years. Some of you do believe that, and are comfortable with a results-only evaluations, and are convinced that only Trump would get results. Not everyone agrees with that morality, and those who disagree sometimes have these cute little things called reasons. Also, the stories you make up in your head about what they are like and the parties they want to go to are just that – stories. What are you, NPR or CNN, pretending you know the motivations of other people and relying on anecdotes for truth?
The world changes slowly, and despite the politically engaged assuring us that CATASTROPHE! is right around the corner, ACT NOW! their impressions are based largely on feelings, not fact. Again, this has ben a liberal hallmark. I have been distressed to see some (not all) conservatives who dislike Trump to react with this level of panic, and some (not all) conservatives who like Trump to go all paranoid and doom-o’er-all-the-earth as well. He’s fine. He’s not magic. Your health, your family, your job, and your town will not change much whether he stays or goes.
As the responses to this are predictable, you might stop and think for a few minutes whether there is anything that hasn’t been said, and said loudly a thousand times before, that you can add to the conversation.
“100-0 is the mark of the fanatic.”
Dude, why do you think anyone is still talking/writing about NeverTrumpers in November 2019? BECAUSE THEY’RE STILL 100% AGAINST TRUMP.
We’re not talking about people who were opposed to Trump in 2016 but are now critical of him when he deserves it and supportive of him when he deserves it. We’re talking about people, like George Will, who still want Trump to lose to a Democrat in 2020. We’re talking about people, like Allahpundit, who jump on every Democratic smear thrown at Trump and repeat it like it’s the gospel truth. We’re talking about people, like Bill Kristol, who heap scorn on not only Trump but Trump supporters every time they speak/write/tweet.
It is a flat out lie to state or imply that NeverTrumpers are just these reasonable folks who don’t like Trump and are endlessly harassed for it.
Mike
Assistant Village Idiot:
I wonder whether you know what the term “NeverTrumper” actually refers to.
It is not someone who criticizes Trump sometimes. Plenty of people here do that
It is someone who constantly criticizes Trump, who cannot credit him for anything, and – more importantly – who although a supposed Republican and/or conservative, supports the Democrats against him.
The list of NeverTrumpers is actually rather short. The following is not meant to be inclusive, but the most well-known are George Will, David Frum, Max Boot, Jennifer Rubin, Allahpundit, and Bill Kristol. Those are the ones who come to mind first for me, although there are others. They are almost all pundits rather than politicians, for some reason.
It is they who exhibit the 100-0 thinking. And “NeverTrumper” is an excellent short-hand term for them. It is descriptive of what they are. It is not meant to refer to people who merely criticize Trump at times (or even often). For example, David French is not a NeverTrumper in my book, because although he often criticizes Trump he is also capable of supporting some of the things he does, and most importantly I do not believe that French has ever supported Hillary or other Democrats who run against Trump.
Some additional ones from Art Deco, in the context of who they work for or how they pay the rent.
I added Paul Rosenzweig above, by his own admission in a post at The Atlantic.
David French’s Never-ness seems to be debatable, I don’t remember his stance on Hillary.
There seems to be agreement that the necessary qualifications included (1) always criticizing Trump regardless of policies or even presentation (sometimes he gives really good speeches!); (2) preference for any Republican over Trump, although IIRC none of the named list was ecstatic over Cruz; (3) willing to vote Democrat rather than Trump, including for Hillary (although that might not be a total necessity, it seems to be common).
Art Deco on November 6, 2019 at 6:21 am said:
… NeverTrumpers are not numerous and have no objects other than maintaining themselves.
Ross Douthat .. David Brooks.. Jennifer Rubin and George Will ..The Bulwark crew … David Frum. Joe Scarborough… Amanda Carpenter, Nicolle Wallace, and S.E. Cupp …They’re astroturf.
Aside from these, you have the legacy beneficiaries. John Podhoretz ..Mona Charen .. David French … Kevin Williamson ..Richard Lowry and John Podhoretz ..Max Boot .
Some of the foregoing (Frum, Will) don’t need the money, others have seen their income decline a great deal in the last four years (Erick Erickson), others are avocational and make their real living doing something else (Patrick Frey), and a few actually work for self-supporting starboard media (Ed Morrissey, Allaputz). However, the quantum of NeverTrump discourse is an order of magnitude larger than it would be because these people are being financed by liberals.
Some advice for NeverTrumpers — it may not be palatable to everyone, but it must at least be recognized as where things are headed.
Collegiality and civility may have to stay inside the party primaries, and jettisoned in the general elections, David French’s gentlemanly legal successes notwithstanding.
https://www.americanthinker.com/articles/2019/11/kentuckys_real_lesson_for_conservatives.html
For example, David French is not a NeverTrumper in my book,
Disagree. French has been busily promoting con jobs like the Russian collusion hoax, even as Andrew McCarthy dismantles his arguments in an adjacent column.
He didn’t tell you to vote for Hillary. He told you to cast a ballot for a decoy named Evan McMullin.
French writes an article for The Atlantic on gross and rude messages he and his wife received in regard to their adoption of an Ethiopian orphan. My regrets about that, but I’m not impressed with his inclination to extend culpability in such matters to an amorphous class of people who had nothing to do with sending him these messages (but with whom he is irritated at this time).
What makes me human scum? Evidently, a belief in enduring American ideals, like the rule of law and the value of a free press. A belief in a system of governance that enshrines the principle of checks and balances in our Constitution—a system in which Congress and the judiciary serve as limits on authoritarian executive overreach.
Mr. Rosenzweig, take some counsel from Pat Buchanan: “When the mob is coming to get the old man, you don’t having him sit down and write a list of his ‘mistakes’. You start firing from the upper floors”
The self-centered attitudinizing of these people doesn’t make them scum. It makes them tools, and worthy of being ignored.
@ Neo – I can easily grant the term applies to some people who write as conservatives, including the ones you mention, and I think you do make the correct distinction. If you felt I was criticizing you in this I hasten to correct that.
However, I don’t think that is what most people are talking about. If we were only talking about a dozen people, the linked article would not be generalizing so much about a generation of heroes he now dislikes, he would specify, not only as examples, but in signaling limitations. Commenters here and elsewhere on conservative sites would not be using the term so frequently, and they would specify. They would not so easily resort to screaming in all-caps.
Are there a lot of people unthinkingly and angrily overusing the term? I don’t know, we cannot easily measure such things. However, I am certain there are a lot of them in comment sections on conservative sites who work themselves into a lather daily, because I see them right there in front of me. Perhaps they are the few. There is some reason to think there are more than that.
Assistant Village Idiot:
Of course there are people who use the term for anyone who ever criticizes Trump. For example, there are some people who comment on other blogs and make sure to diss me as a NeverTrumper any time I am mentioned, even at this point.
Obviously I’m not a NeverTrumper. So either they stopped reading me long long ago and are holding a grudge, or they are over-generalizing and using the term for anyone who has ever criticized Trump. But I don’t think they represent a very large portion of the Trump supporters, although they may represent a vocal and active portion online.
“If we were only talking about a dozen people, the linked article would not be generalizing so much about a generation of heroes he now dislikes, he would specify, not only as examples, but in signaling limitations.”
We’re not just talking about a dozen people. Did you miss the “Against Trump” issue of National Review? How about the Wiki page of “Republicans who opposed the 2016 election of Donald Trump?” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Republicans_who_opposed_the_2016_Donald_Trump_presidential_campaign
Now, some of those on that Wiki page have…shall we say “adjusted” their views to accommodate a Trump Administration. But again, the issue isn’t really numbers and the issue isn’t that anyone was opposed to Donald Trump in 2016. The issue is the people who haven’t changed their view of Trump, despite his being the most successfully conservative President since Ronald Reagan and despite the unprecedented attacks waged against him by Democrats and the media.
Donald Trump is pretty popular with the overwhelming majority of Republicans and conservatives. If you criticize him, you’re going to get some pushback. The more arrogant and condescending that criticism and the more you parrot liberal lies and slanders against Donald Trump and his supporters, the more vociferous that pushback will be.
What is hard to understand about that? What is different about that than with any previous political leader?
Mike
However, I don’t think that is what most people are talking about. If we were only talking about a dozen people, the linked article would not be generalizing so much about a generation of heroes he now dislikes, he would specify, not only as examples, but in signaling limitations. Commenters here and elsewhere on conservative sites would not be using the term so frequently, and they would specify. They would not so easily resort to screaming in all-caps.
We are only talking about a dozen people. However, those dozen have a high profile in the media. Their function is to be fodder for their employers’ gamesmanship and to provide emotional validation for those employers and for liberals in the audience. They have little constituency among starboard voters. The owners of The Weekly Standard pulled the plug on it because they were running out of readers. There are some admirers of Trump in broadcast media, but they’re all on Fox and that’s not a universal disposition at Fox.
(The modal viewpoint at NR is take-it-case-by-case. Victor Davis Hanson is generally pro-Trump; David French and Jonah Goldberg are anti-Trump. The situation is much the same at Hot Air).
The latest NeverTrump trial balloon. Yes, she is employed as a lobbyist.
https://hotair.com/archives/jazz-shaw/2019/11/12/impeaching-trump-via-secret-ballot-may-democrats-next-plan/
https://twitter.com/stanveuger/status/1193656899427811328
From an AEI fellow. You ever wonder how much Republican failure theatre is a consequence of employing a brain trust which actually favors the other side?
This dame works for The Bulwark. Conserving conservatism or something or other.
https://twitchy.com/gregp-3534/2019/11/12/molly-jong-fast-declares-bret-kavanaugh-a-legendary-sexist/